Criminal Law Reform Policy in Indonesia: Balancing Justice, Morality, and Human Rights
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.62872/ij.v2i10.53Keywords:
Criminal Law Reform, Human Rights, Justice, Legal Policy, MoralityAbstract
Criminal law reform in Indonesia is not only a legislative process, but also a reflection of complex battles over values and political interests. This study aims to analyze the role of political law in shaping the balance between justice, morality, and human rights in the 2023 revision of the Criminal Code (KUHP). Using a qualitative approach through document analysis, case studies, and interviews with legal experts and human rights activists, this study finds that politics plays a dominant role in determining the direction of criminal law reform. The tug-of-war between conservative and progressive groups creates legal compromises that often blur the line between social morality and the protection of human rights. The results of the study show that criminal law in Indonesia still functions as an instrument of political legitimacy, not merely as a means of substantive justice. Therefore, a participatory and transparent approach is needed so that criminal law reform can uphold social justice without sacrificing the basic rights of citizens.
Downloads
References
Abdullah, F., Safira, R., & Faradiz, N. A. (2025). Tinjauan Hukum tentang Tindak Pidana terhadap Agama dan Kepercayaan Menurut KUHP 2023 dengan Pendekatan Keadilan Korektif. Journal of Contemporary Law Studies, 2(3), 195-208. https://doi.org/10.47134/lawstudies.v2i3.4039
Adinda, D., Salam, A., Ramadhan, A., Narendra, A., Anasti, M., & Yanto, J. (2024). Politik Hukum Dalam Pembaharuan Hukum Pidana di Indonesia. Wathan: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial Dan Humaniora, 1(1), 12-25. https://doi.org/10.71153/wathan.v1i1.16
Amnesty International. Indonesia: New Criminal Code Undermines Human Rights. London: Amnesty International, 2023.
Antonio, A., & Adhari, A. (2024). Menilai Implementasi Undang Undang ITE dalam Menegakkan Kepastian Hukum Terhadap Kasus Pencemaran Nama Baik. Ranah Research: Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development, 6(4), 1079-1087. https://doi.org/10.38035/rrj.v6i4.979
Arief, Barda Nawawi. Hukum Pidana Indonesia. Jakarta: Rajawali Pers, 2018.
Cahyono, S. T., Erni, W., & Hidayat, T. (2025). Rikonstruksi Hukum Pidana Terhadap Kejahatan Siber (Cyber Crime) Dalam Sistem Peradilan Pidana Indonesia: Rekonstruksi Hukum Pidana terhadap Kejahatan Siber (Cyber Crime) dalam Sistem Peradilan Pidana Indonesia. Dame Journal of Law, 1(1), 1-23.
Donnelly, Jack. Universal Human Rights in Theory and Practice. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 2003.
Firdaus, A., & Koswara, I. Y. (2024). Pembaharuan hukum pidana di Indonesia: Analisis tentang pidana pengawasan dan asas keseimbangan. Lex Renaissance, 9(1), 1-22. https://doi.org/10.20885/JLR.vol9.iss1.art1
Human Rights Watch. World Report 2023: Indonesia Section. New York: HRW, 2023.
Hutabarat, N. R. (2022). Politik Hukum Presidential Treshold; Studi Komprehensif Pemilihan Umum di Indonesia (Vol. 1). Nico Hutabarat.
Komnas HAM. Laporan Tahunan 2023: Kondisi HAM di Indonesia. Jakarta: Komnas HAM, 2023.
Kompas. “Pro Kontra Pasal Kesusilaan dalam KUHP Baru.” Kompas.com, 8 Desember 2022.
Kurnia, Y. R. (2024). Perlindungan hak asasi manusia dan tantangan demokrasi dalam sistem hukum berdasarkan Pancasila di Indonesia. Innovative: Journal Of Social Science Research, 4(4), 3612-3623.https://doi.org/10.31004/innovative.v4i4.13412
lwan Rasiwan, H., & SH, M. (2025). Asas Keseimbangan KUHP Baru Cermin Nilai Pancasila dalam Penegakan Hukum. Takaza Innovatix Labs.
Mahfud MD. Politik Hukum di Indonesia. Jakarta: Rajawali Pers, 2010.
Moleong, Lexy J. Metodologi Penelitian Kualitatif. Bandung: Remaja Rosdakarya, 2017.
MUFTY, A. (2023). Kebijakan Penegakan Hukum Terhadap Tindak Pidana Ringan Dalam Perspektif Ius Constituendum (Doctoral dissertation, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung Semarang).
Nurfadilla, Y., & Sahyana, Y. (2024). Peran Aturan Hukum dalam Menciptakan Tata Pemerintahan yang Membangun Partisipasi Demokratis yang Berkelanjutan. Jurnal Pemerintahan dan Politik, 9(4), 259-264. https://doi.org/10.36982/jpg.v9i4.3715
Nusantara, R. H. G., & Harahap, N. T. H. (2025). Filsafat Hukum Dan Keadilan Sosial: Analisis Teoritis Tentang Peran Hukum Dalam Mewujudkan Kesejahteraan Masyarakat. Nusantara: Jurnal Pendidikan, Seni, Sains dan Sosial Humaniora, 3(01).
Rahardjo, Satjipto. Ilmu Hukum yang Progresif. Jakarta: Kompas, 2012.
Ramadhan, A. F. (2025). Hukum dan Demokrasi: Sinergi Negara Hukum dan Partisipasi Warga Negara. Islamic Law: Jurnal Siyasah, 10(2), 192-202. https://doi.org/10.53429/iljs.v10i2.1814
Rawls, John. A Theory of Justice. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1971.
Risalah Rapat DPR RI tentang Pembahasan RKUHP. Komisi III DPR RI, 2022.
SAFEnet. Laporan Tahunan Kebebasan Digital Indonesia 2023. Jakarta: SAFEnet, 2023.
Setiawan, I. (2024). Pengawasan pemerintahan dalam ulasan teori dan praktek. CV. Rtujuh Media Printing.
Shodiq, M. (2025). Hukum Pidana Perbandingan. Takaza Innovatix Labs.
Siagian, A. (2025). HUKUM PERS: Menjamin Kebebasan Pers Berbasis Keadilan. CV. Gita Lentera.
Soekanto, Soerjono. Pengantar Penelitian Hukum. Jakarta: UI Press, 2008.
Tempo. “RUU KUHP Disahkan di Tengah Protes Publik.” Tempo.co, 6 Desember 2022.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 H. Yusep Mulyana
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
