Local Wisdom in Customary Law as an Instrument for Environmental Protection
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.62872/80xzgr29Keywords:
Customary Law, Local Wisdom, Indigenous Communities, EnvironmentAbstract
Local wisdom in customary law plays a crucial role in maintaining environmental sustainability, particularly in indigenous communities that still uphold traditional values. However, this role has not been fully recognized and integrated into the national environmental legal system. This study aims to analyze how customary law functions as an environmental protection instrument and propose strategies for its integration within the national legal framework. The approach used is descriptive qualitative with a juridical-sociological research method, conducted through case studies in three indigenous communities: the Baduy (Banten), Dayak Kenyah (North Kalimantan), and Subak Bali. Data collection techniques included interviews, observation, and documentation studies, which were then analyzed thematically. The results show that customary legal practices such as Leuweung Kolot, Tane' Olen, and the Subak system have proven effective in maintaining environmental sustainability through customary norms, social sanctions, and spiritual values. However, formal recognition of customary territories remains limited. In conclusion, customary law has great potential as a legitimate and sustainable environmental protection instrument, and therefore needs to be substantively integrated into national environmental policy through a collaborative and community-based approach.
Downloads
References
1. Atkinson, R. (2020). Customary Law and Environmental Governance in Southeast Asia. Routledge.
2. Supriadi. (2009). Hukum Adat di Indonesia. Jakarta: Sinar Grafika.
3. Lubis, S. H. (2010). Hukum Adat Lingkungan. Medan: USU Press.
4. Satria, A. (2012). Pengelolaan Sumber Daya Alam Berbasis Komunitas. Yogyakarta: Graha Ilmu.
5. Koentjaraningrat. (2009). Pengantar Ilmu Antropologi. Jakarta: Rineka Cipta.
6. Bakker, L. (2018). Recognition of Customary Forests in Indonesia: From Rights to Implementation. Asia Pacific Journal of Anthropology.
7. Fitriani, Y. (2016). Revitalisasi Nilai Hukum Adat dalam Perlindungan Lingkungan Hidup. Jurnal Konstitusi, 13(3), 409–423.
8. Budiman, A. (2015). Kearifan Lokal dan Perlindungan Lingkungan. Jurnal Hukum dan Pembangunan, 45(2), 123–138.
9. Kusumanto, T. (2010). Forest, People and Governance. Bogor: CIFOR.
10. Kartodihardjo, H. (2018). Kebijakan Kehutanan dan Konflik Agraria. Bogor: CIFOR.
11. Huma, R. (2014). Hukum Adat dan Hak Ulayat Masyarakat Adat di Indonesia. Jakarta: HuMa.
12. Undang-Undang No. 32 Tahun 2009 tentang Perlindungan dan Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup.
13. Pinto, A. (2021). Spiritual Beliefs and Forest Conservation: The Baduy Case. Journal of Cultural Ecology, 14(2), 112–127.
14. Irawan, T. (2022). Customary Forests and Indigenous Rights in Kalimantan. Environmental Policy Studies, 17(1), 33–49.
15. Yuliani, L., et al. (2020). The Resilience of Subak Bali and Traditional Water Management. International Journal of Heritage Studies, 26(3), 198–213.
16. Mubarak, A. (2022). Sanksi Sosial dalam Hukum Adat dan Efektivitas Lingkungan. Jurnal Hukum dan Masyarakat, 19(1), 45–60.
17. Armitage, D., Berkes, F., & Doubleday, N. (2009). Adaptive Co-Management for Social-Ecological Complexity. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, 7(2), 95–102.
18. Setiadi, M. (2023). Pluralisme Hukum dan Integrasi Hukum Adat dalam Sistem Nasional. Jurnal Sosial Politik, 11(1), 77–91.
19. Simarmata, R. (2021). Legal Barriers to Indigenous Land Rights in Indonesia. Indigenous Law Review, 6(2), 221–235.
20. Wijaya, R. (2020). Conflicts between Indigenous Peoples and Corporate Land Use. Indonesian Journal of Environmental Law, 18(3), 145–160.
21. Greenpeace. (2022). Forest Conflicts and Indigenous Territories in Indonesia. Jakarta: Greenpeace Indonesia.
22. Santos, B. de S. (2002). Toward a New Legal Common Sense: Law, Globalization, and Emancipation. London: Routledge.
23. Siregar, D. (2019). Kebijakan Kolaboratif dan Pengakuan Masyarakat Adat. Jurnal Kebijakan Publik, 10(2), 122–135.
24. Borrini-Feyerabend, G., Dudley, N., Jaeger, T., Lassen, B., Broome, N., Phillips, A., & Sandwith, T. (2013). Governance of Protected Areas: From Understanding to Action. Gland, Switzerland: IUCN.
25. Peluso, N. L., & Watts, M. (2001). Violent Environments. Ithaca: Cornell University Press.
26. Elmhirst, R. (2011). Introducing New Feminist Political Ecologies. Geoforum, 42(2), 129–132.
27. Rinaldi, M. (2023). Strategi Integrasi Hukum Adat dalam Sistem Lingkungan Indonesia. Jurnal Konstitusi Hijau, 5(1), 34–52
