Antibacterial Potential of Rhinacanthus Nasutus Leaf Extract Against Escherichia Coli and Streptococcus Pneumoniae in Vitro
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.62872/vc11pj98Keywords:
Rhinacanthus nasutus (L.) Kurz, antibacterial activity, Escherichia coli, Streptococcus pneumoniae, antibiotic resistance, well diffusionAbstract
Antibiotic resistance is a growing global health problem that impacts the effectiveness of infection therapy (World Health Organization [WHO], 2024). Therefore, safe and effective antibacterial alternatives are needed, including those derived from natural ingredients such as Rhinacanthus nasutus (L.) Kurz, which is known to contain bioactive compounds. This study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial activity of ethanolic extract of Rhinacanthus nasutus leaves against Escherichia coli and Streptococcus pneumoniae in vitro. The method used was well diffusion on Mueller–Hinton Agar media with varying extract concentrations of 15%, 30%, and 60%. Ciprofloxacin was used as a positive control and distilled water as a negative control. Antibacterial activity was measured based on the diameter of the inhibition zone after 24 hours of incubation at 37°C and analyzed using one-way ANOVA. The results showed that the extract was able to inhibit the growth of both test bacteria, with an increase in the diameter of the inhibition zone with increasing concentration. Statistical analysis showed a significant difference between treatment groups (p < 0.05). However, the inhibitory power of the extract was still lower than that of the positive control. These findings indicate that Rhinacanthus nasutus has the potential to be developed as a natural antibacterial, but further research is needed to optimize its effectiveness and safety.
Downloads
References
Akilandeswari, G., Anand, A. V., Saradhadevi, K. M., Manikandan, R., & Bharathi, V. (2020). An intended review on phytopharmacology of Rhinacanthus nasutus (Linn.) Kurz. Journal of Natural Remedies, 21(4), 35–42.
Fitriyasti, B., Ferilda, S., Sari, W., Saputra, M. R., & Khong, H. Y. (2024). In vitro antibacterial activity of Seribu Kuman leaf (Rhinacanthus nasutus (L.) Kurz) extracts against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Journal of Angiotherapy, 8(1), 1–7.
Potti, L., Niwele, A., & Al Umar, M. (2023). Uji aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak etanol daun singkong (Manihot esculenta Crantz) terhadap daya hambat bakteri Escherichia coli. Jurnal Riset Rumpun Ilmu Kesehatan, 1(1), 121–132.
Sofyana, N. R., Herlinawati, H., Musyarrafah, M., & Angga Adnyana, I. G. (2024). Uji aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak etanol daun manggis (Garcinia mangostana L.) terhadap bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli. Jurnal Ilmu Kedokteran dan Kesehatan, 11(4), 668–678.
Solecha, S., Eliza, & Desnelli. (2022). Sintesis nanopartikel perak (AgNPs) menggunakan ekstrak daun seribu kuman (Rhinacanthus nasutus) dan uji aktivitas antibakterinya terhadap Escherichia coli dan Staphylococcus aureus [Skripsi, Universitas Sriwijaya].
World Health Organization. (2024). Diarrhoeal disease. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/diarrhoeal-disease
World Health Organization. (2022). Pneumonia in children. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/pneumonia
Zahari, N. I. N., Engku Abd Rahman, E. N. S., Irekeola, A. A., Ahmed, N., Rabaan, A. A., Alotaibi, J., Alqahtani, S. A., Halawi, M. Y., Alamri, I. A., Almogbel, M. S., Alfaraj, A. H., Al Ibrahim, F., Almaghaslah, M., Alissa, M., & Yean, C. Y. (2023). A review of the resistance mechanisms for β-lactams, macrolides and fluoroquinolones among Streptococcus pneumoniae. Medicina, 59(11), Article 1927. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina59111927
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Betty Fitriyasti, Irfan Maulana, Adelia Fitri (Author)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
